English

‘Wireless Networks (‘Initaneti ta’e ’iai ha uaea & Hotspots’feitu’u pau ‘oku tu’uma’u)

‘Wireless’ Netiueka’ ‘oku nau ‘revolutionalised’ fakaonopooni e founga ‘oku tau ngāue‘aki e ‘smartphones’, ‘tablets’, moe ‘laptops’, tatau pe he taimi ‘oku tau ‘alu holo ai pe ko ‘etau ‘i ‘api pe ko ‘ofisi. Ko ‘api moe ‘office ‘wireless’ netiueka ‘oku fakafaingofua ai ketau ngāue’aki e ‘initaneti ke ‘ave pe ma’u mai ha ‘imeili mei ha loki pe he langa ko ia pe ko tu’a….pea lava moe kau ‘a’ahi kenau ngāue‘aki tatau. Ko e ‘Public wireless’ netiueka pe koe ‘hotspots ‘oku ‘uhinga ia ‘e malava ‘o fai pe me’a tatau ‘ihe he loto ‘Café’, hotele pe koe Papu. Pea ko ‘plug-in mobile broadband devices’ pe koe ‘dongles’ koe ki’i ‘computer hardware’ ‘oku ngāue‘aki ke fakafaingofua ke te ngāue he ‘initaneti he ‘i ai e ‘cellular 3 G’ pe koe 4G ‘mo hono mama’o.

‘Api/’ofisi/mopaile moe ‘WIFI ‘he potu fakapule’anga‘ (as wireless connections are commonly known, ngaahi fehokotaki wireless he anga maheni), Ngāue’aki e tekinolosia (802.11). ‘Oku ‘i ai pe e ngaahi ‘isiu ‘e ala hoko he ‘anga maheni, ‘ihe taimi tatau ‘oku kehekehe pe hono maumau. ‘Oku lava pe keke malu’i pe ‘e koe ‘aki e ngaahi founga faingofua.

‘Api/’ofisi ‘wireless’ netiueka

Ngaahi maumau ‘e malava ke hoko

Kapau ‘oku ‘ikai malu ho’o ‘wireless hub/router/dongle, ‘e faingofua leva kihe kakai kenau hū ki loto ‘oku pau ‘oku nau ofi kiai. ‘Oku malava leva ke hanga ‘ehe kakai ‘ikai ke ‘oangē ha’anau mafai kenau fakahoko ‘a e founga ko ‘eni:

  • Ngāue‘aki ho’o ‘bandwidth’ – ‘o uesia ai e vave ho’o ‘initaneti ho komipiuta pe ‘devices’.
  • Ngāue‘aki ho’o ‘download allowance’ ‘aia na’ake ‘osi totongi ki ho’o ‘Internet Service Provider (ISP)’.
  • Tukuhifo e ngaahi ‘inappropriate material’, ‘aia ‘e fakatotolo’i mai ia ki ho’o tu’asila ka ‘ikai ko ‘enau komipiuta.
  • Sio nautolu ki ha’o faka’iki’iki ‘oku ke tuku atu pe ma’u mai he ‘initaneti.

Founga malu kihe ‘wireless networking’

Katoa e ngaahi maumau tete ala faka’ehi’ehi mei ai ‘i ha’o fakapapau’i koe ‘wireless hub/route/dongle’ ‘oku ke fiema’u keke fehokotaki mo ia ‘oku malu. Koe founga keke ‘iloa ai pe koia ‘oku faingofua ke te fekumi ki ha ‘wireless’ faingamālie ha netiueka, pea ko kinautolu ‘oku malu ‘e ‘asi mai e ‘padlock symbol’ faka’ilonga loka.

‘Ihe taimi koe ‘oku ke fakahoko ai ha komipiuta, ‘smartphone’, ‘tablet’, ‘printer pe ko ha toe ‘wireless-enabled device’ ki ha ‘wireless hub/router/dongle, kuo pau ke ke fakahū ha ‘password/key’, ‘ihe taimi tatau ‘oku ‘secure mode’ e netiueka. ‘E malava leva ke fehokotaki e ‘device to connect’ ‘i he taimi koia pea mo e kaha’u foki. Koe ‘password/key’ ‘e ma’u fakataha atu moe ‘hub/router/dongle’, pea ‘e ma’u atu moha faingamālie ke ke liliu ai ki ho’o fiema’u.

Kapau ko ho’o fokotu’u ha ‘hub/router/dongle’ fo’ou, mahalo ‘oku ‘osi mo’ui pe e ‘security’ koe ‘default’. ‘Oku tolu e ‘encryption levels’ faka’ilonga ‘oku ‘ata ‘(WEP, WPA moe WPA2)’, ‘WPA2 ‘oku ma’olunga taha. Lahi e ‘hubs/routers’ ‘oku nau ‘oatu e faingamālie ke ke fili e levolo ma’olunga ka ke manatu’i koe ‘devices’ motu’a e ni’ihi hei’ilo pe te nau fenapasi moe ma’olunga angē.

Ka ‘iai ha ‘uhinga koe ‘api/’ofisi/mopaile ‘wireless hub/router/dongle’ ‘oku ke loto ke hoko ‘oku ‘ikai ke malu pea ke mamata hifo ki he ‘user manual’ tohi fakahinohino.

Fakapapau’i ‘oku pau pea koe fakamuimui taha ia e ‘antivirus/antispyware software and firewall’ pea ke lele’i ki mu’a ha’o ngāue‘aki e ‘wireless network’.

Tokanga’i e ‘WI-FI codes’ ke tuku fakalelei mo malu ke ‘oua na’a lava ha taha ‘o ma’u pe ngāue’aki.

Manatu’ia koe ‘access’ code’ ‘oku ‘printed’ pea fa’a ‘asi pe ‘i ‘olunga he ‘hub/router, ‘oku totonu leva keke tatala e pepa ‘oku print ai pe tuku e hub/router’ ha feitu’u malu na’a hunoa’ia atu ha taha ko ho ‘api.

‘WIFI’ he potu fakapule’anga

Ngaahi maumau ‘e malava ke hoko

Ko e ngaahi maumau ‘e ala hoko ‘i he’ete ngāue‘aki e ‘WIFI’ he potu fakapule’anga ‘e malava pe ke hu noa’ia atu ha kakai he lolotonga ho’o ngāue‘aki e ‘initaneti. ‘E malava ai ‘o kaiha’asi ho’o ‘passwords’ pea nau lau ho’o ‘imeili. ‘Oku malava ke hoko eni he ‘ikai ke ‘encrypted’ e WIFI he lolotonga fehokotaki mo ho’o ‘device’, pe ko e fokotu’u ‘e ha taha ia ha ‘spoof hotspot’ keke pehe pe ‘e koe ‘oku fakalao ia keke ngāue‘aki.

Taimi koe ‘oku ‘i ai e‘encrpted connection’ ‘e fie ma’u ia keke fakahū ‘a e kī, ‘o hangē koe fakatātā: 1A648C9FE2. Koe founga ‘e taha ‘oku fakafaingofua ke te ‘log in’ ka te lava ‘o ‘inintaneti. ‘E ‘ilo ai he ‘operator’ ‘oku ke ‘online’ ‘I loto he ‘café’, hotele pe koe papu. ‘Oku ‘ikai ke pehe ‘oku malu he ‘encryption’.

‘WIFI’ malu he potu fakapule’anga

  • Tuku kehe kapau ‘oku ke ngaue ‘aki ha ‘web page’ ‘oku malu, ‘oua na’ake tukuatu pe ma’u mai ha fakaikiiki ‘a ‘au he taimi ‘oku ke ngaue ‘aki ai e ‘WIFI’ heapotu fakapule’anga.
  • ‘Ihe taime kotoa ‘oku lava pea ke ngaue ‘aki ha ‘commercial hotspot’ ‘iloa hange koe ‘WIFI’ ta’etotongi e Pule’anga pe koia ‘oku ‘oatu ho’o kautaha ‘network provider’.
  • Kakai Pisinisi ‘oku nau loto ke fetu’utaki mo ‘enau netiueka he pisinisi ‘oku totonu ke nau ngāue‘aki ha ‘secure, encrypted Virtua Private Network (VPN).
  • Fakapapau’i ‘oku ‘lele pea pau ho’o ‘updated antivirus/spyware software and firewall’ kimu’a ho’o ngāue‘aki ha ‘WIFI’ he potu fakapule’anga.

Koe ngaahi fale’i kehe

  • ‘Oua ‘e tuku noa ‘ia holo ho’o komipiuta, ‘smartphone’ pe ko ha’o ‘tablet’ ta’e’iai ha taha kene tokanga’i.
  • ‘Ai keke ‘ilo pe ko hai ‘oku ‘i ho ‘ātakai mo sifi koe he taimi ‘oku ke ‘initaneti ai.

Ke ke toe vakai foki ki he...

Ngaahi lea laukonga ‘oku ki’i mamafa ange

‘WPA2’

‘WIFI Protected Access 2’: koe fa’ahing teita ‘encryption’ ‘oku ta’ofi ‘aki he fakafanongo moe hu kihe ‘wireless’ netiueka he kau angana fulikivanu ‘users’.  ‘Defined by the 802.11 standard’.   ‘Oku laka ange ‘enau malu’I he ‘WPA’ pe koe ‘WEP’ 

‘WPA’

‘WIFI Proteted Access’: koe fa’ahing teita ‘encryption’ ‘oku ne ta’ofi e fakafangongo moe hu ki he ‘wireless’ netiueka he kau angafulikavanu ‘users’.  ‘Defined by 802.11 standard’;  ‘Oku laka ange ‘enau malui’I he ‘WEP’. 

‘WEP’

‘Wired Equivalent Privacy’: koe fa’ahinga teita ‘encryption’ ‘oku ne ta’ofi e fakafanongo moe hu ki ha netiueka ‘wireless ‘e ha taha angafulikavanu.  ‘Defined by the 802.11 standard’. 

‘VPN’

‘Virtual Private Network: koe founga fakatupu e fehokotaki malu ha fo’I poini ‘e ua he ‘initaneti.  ‘Oku fa’a ngaue’aki ki he fetu’utaki  pisinisi-kihe-pisinisi.

‘Router’

Koe ‘device’ ‘oku fakafou holo e netiueka pe koe halanga ‘initaneti. Hangē ko e oku ma’u he ‘atakai e ‘u ‘api/’ofisi iiki ‘I loto e ‘WIFI device’ ‘(wireless hub)’.

‘Netiueka’

Koe ngaahi komipiuta ‘oku nau fehokotaki, fakataha moe ‘connecting infrastructure’

‘ISP’

Koe ‘initaneti ‘Service Provider’; koe kautaha ‘oku nau fakahojo e ‘initaneti.

‘Encryption’

Koe founga liliu e teita kihe ‘cipher text ‘ (koe fa’ahinga kouti) ‘oku ne ta’ofi e fie’ilo ki ai ha taha ‘oku ‘ikai ke fakamafai’I’.

802.11

Koe founga ‘oku fa’a ngaue’aki ki he netiueka ‘wireless’.